history 命令用于查询已执行的历史命令。
常用参数:
n :数字,表示列出最近n行命令
-c :将目前的shell中的所有的history内容删除
-a:将目前新增的history命令新增入histfile中,若没有加hisfiles,则默认写入~/.bash_history
-r:将histfiles的内容读到目前这个shell 的history记忆中。
-w:将目前的history记忆内容写入histfiles中。
[root@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijkl123456789012~]# history
1 df-h
2 reboot
3 ssh esggy-qa-n013
4 yum install nfs-utils
5 yum install parted
6 yum install nfs-utils
…
[root@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijkl123456789012~]# history 6
395 su - trafodion
396 hive
397 history
398 history n
399 history 3
400 history 6
将目前的已执行的命令添加到histfile中,默认为~/.bash_history并查看文件内容:
[root@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijkl123456789012~]# history -w
[root@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijkl123456789012~]# cat ~/.bash_history | tail -n 10
clear
hive
su - trafodion
hive
history
history n
history 3
history 6
echo $HISTORY
history -w
将新增的history命令加到histfile中,并查看文件内容:
[root@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijkl123456789012~]# history -a
[root@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijkl123456789012~]# cat ~/.bash_history | tail -n 10
history n
history 3
history 6
echo $HISTORY
history -w
echo $HISTORY
cat ~/.bash_history
cat ~/.bash_history | tail 10
cat ~/.bash_history | tail -n 10
history -a
查看$HISTSIZE变量大小(~/.bash_history文件能记录的命令数量由$HISTSIZE决定):
[root@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijkl123456789012~]# echo $HISTSIZE
1000
使用!
执行命令:
! 命令行号 (执行history中指定行号的命令)
! 字符串 (执行最近以指定字符串开头的命令)
!! (执行上一条命令)
[root@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijkl123456789012~]# history 5
406 cat ~/.bash_history | tail -n 10
407 history -a
408 cat ~/.bash_history | tail -n 10
409 echo $HISTSIZE
410 history 5
[root@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijkl123456789012~]# !410
history 5
406 cat ~/.bash_history | tail -n 10
407 history -a
408 cat ~/.bash_history | tail -n 10
409 echo $HISTSIZE
410 history 5
[root@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijkl123456789012~]# !!
history 5
406 cat ~/.bash_history | tail -n 10
407 history -a
408 cat ~/.bash_history | tail -n 10
409 echo $HISTSIZE
410 history 5
[root@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijkl123456789012~]# !ec
echo $HISTSIZE
1000
wenqidongdeMBP:~ wenqidong$ history | grep php-fpm
59 ps -ef | grep php-fpm
62 pkill php-fpm
63 php-fpm
64 ps -ef | grep php-fpm
65 pkill php-fpm
66 php-fpm
74 ps -ef | grep php-fpm
75 pkill php-fpm
76 php-fpm
77 pkill php-fpm
78 sudo php-fpm
83 pkill php-fpm
84 sudo pkill php-fpm
85 php-fpm
86 php-fpm
358 pkill php-fpm
359 php-fpm
504 history | grep php-fpm
wenqidongdeMBP:~ wenqidong$